{"id":2111,"date":"2026-05-26T08:05:43","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T08:05:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/de\/docs\/uncategorized\/mermaid-js-erd-syntax-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T08:05:43","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T08:05:43","slug":"mermaid-js-erd-syntax-guide","status":"publish","type":"ld_docs","link":"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/de\/docs\/vpascode-docs\/mermaid-js-erd-syntax-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Mermaid.js ERD-Syntaxleitfaden"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Was ist ein Entit\u00e4ts-Beziehungs-Diagramm (ERD)?<\/h2>\n<p>Ein <strong>Entit\u00e4ts-Beziehungs-Diagramm (ERD)<\/strong> ist eine strukturelle Bauplan, die zur Gestaltung, Dokumentation und Analyse relationaler Datenbank-Schemata verwendet wird. Er zeigt die spezifischen Daten-Tabellen (Entit\u00e4ten) innerhalb einer Anwendung, die Spalten (Attribute), die in diesen Tabellen enthalten sind, sowie die Referenzintegrit\u00e4tsregeln, die sie verbinden. Geschrieben mit standardm\u00e4\u00dfiger <strong>Information Engineering (IE)-Notation<\/strong>, verwendet sie klare <strong>Crow&#8217;s-Foot-Notation<\/strong>K\u00f6pfe, um Datenbeschr\u00e4nkungen und Mehrfachtabellen-Abh\u00e4ngigkeiten anzuzeigen.<\/p>\n<p>Mit <strong>Mermaid.js<\/strong>, k\u00f6nnen Sie Ihre Produktions-Tabellen-Indizes, Datentypen und Fremdschl\u00fcssel-Verbindungen mithilfe eines sauberen, deklarativen Textblocks definieren. Die Engine verarbeitet automatisch die Gr\u00f6\u00dfenanpassung f\u00fcr mehrspaltige Layout-Container und leitet Verbindungsleitungen so, dass Textbeschriftungen sich nicht \u00fcberlappen.<\/p>\n<h2>Grundlagen-Syntaxleitfaden: Elemente und Konstrukte<\/h2>\n<p>Die Erstellung eines g\u00fcltigen, vollst\u00e4ndig ausf\u00fchrbaren Datenbankschemas in Mermaid basiert auf strukturellen Entit\u00e4tsbl\u00f6cken, Datentyp-Zuordnungen, Index-Taggen und Kardinalit\u00e4tsoperatoren.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Deklaration von Entit\u00e4ten und Tabellenspalten<\/h3>\n<p>Sie initialisieren eine ERD-Leinwand in Zeile eins mit dem Schl\u00fcsselwort <code>erDiagram<\/code> Schl\u00fcsselwort. Um eine Tabelle zu definieren, schreiben Sie den Entit\u00e4tsnamen gefolgt von einer offenen geschweiften Klammer und listen Ihre Spaltenkonfigurationen zeilenweise nacheinander auf:<\/p>\n<div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\n<div class=\"vpascode-header\">\n<span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghWoIBwQy80oUMlMQ\/OKSosy8dIXU3MTMHIRoSWZuanFJYm6BQnJRamJJakp8YglEthYAu7UZoQ==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-header\">\r\n                    <span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span>\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghWoIBwQy80oUMlMQ\/OKSosy8dIXU3MTMHIRoSWZuanFJYm6BQnJRamJJakp8YglEthYAu7UZoQ==\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\r\n                    <pre class=\"lang-mermaid\"><code class=\"language-mermaid\" data-language=\"mermaid\" class=\"language-mermaid\">erDiagram\r\n    USERS {\r\n        int id\r\n        string email\r\n        timestamp created_at\r\n    }<\/code><\/pre>                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghWoIBwQy80oUMlMQ\/OKSosy8dIXU3MTMHIRoSWZuanFJYm6BQnJRamJJakp8YglEthYAu7UZoQ==\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            \n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghWoIBwQy80oUMlMQ\/OKSosy8dIXU3MTMHIRoSWZuanFJYm6BQnJRamJJakp8YglEthYAu7UZoQ==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"VkXootV\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-629\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"187\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903a383fb3.png\" width=\"221\"\/><\/p>\n<h3>2. Kennzeichnung von Prim\u00e4rschl\u00fcsseln, Fremdschl\u00fcsseln und Kommentaren<\/h3>\n<p>Der ERD-Engine von Mermaid k\u00f6nnen Sie strukturelle Index-Taggen direkt nach dem Spaltennamen und der Datentypdefinition zuweisen. Sie k\u00f6nnen einer Spalte auch einen optionalen Textkommentar hinzuf\u00fcgen, indem Sie ihn in doppelte Anf\u00fchrungszeichen setzen:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>PK<\/code> \u2014 Markiert eine Spalte explizit als Prim\u00e4rschl\u00fcssel der Tabelle.<\/li>\n<li><code>FK<\/code> \u2014 Markiert eine Spalte als Fremdschl\u00fcssel, der mit einer \u00fcbergeordneten Tabelle verkn\u00fcpft ist.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\n<div class=\"vpascode-header\">\n<span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAAv8gF9egYIVqCA8EMvNKFDJTFAK8UYVKi1OL4oHibt4KSj6ZednFCiX5CqHBQM16mSlKCLXFJUWZeekKyfmlBfl58cn5KakQuVoAct0gOw==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-header\">\r\n                    <span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span>\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAAv8gF9egYIVqCA8EMvNKFDJTFAK8UYVKi1OL4oHibt4KSmGpReWpmcUlComlaQqhwUAD9DJTlBDqi0uKMvPSFZLzSwvy8+KT81NSIXK1ABRuIew=\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\r\n                    <pre class=\"lang-mermaid\"><code class=\"language-mermaid\" data-language=\"mermaid\" class=\"language-mermaid\">erDiagram\r\n    ORDERS {\r\n        int id PK\r\n        int user_id FK \"Verweist auf USERS.id\"\r\n        string coupon_code\r\n    }<\/code><\/pre>                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAAv8gF9egYIVqCA8EMvNKFDJTFAK8UYVKi1OL4oHibt4KSmGpReWpmcUlComlaQqhwUAD9DJTlBDqi0uKMvPSFZLzSwvy8+KT81NSIXK1ABRuIew=\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            \n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAAv8gF9egYIVqCA8EMvNKFDJTFAK8UYVKi1OL4oHibt4KSj6ZednFCiX5CqHBQM16mSlKCLXFJUWZeekKyfmlBfl58cn5KakQuVoAct0gOw==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"aCCwRBw\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-632\" decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" height=\"817\" sizes=\"(max-width: 268px) 100vw, 268px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903b8be451.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903b8be451.png 268w, https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903b8be451-98x300.png 98w\" width=\"268\"\/><\/p>\n<h3>3. Beherrschen der Cardinality-Modifikatoren nach Crow\u2019s Foot<\/h3>\n<p>Um Tabellen zu verbinden und Integrit\u00e4tsregeln f\u00fcr Referenzen durchzusetzen, stellen Sie ihre Beziehungen mit spezialisierten Linienoperatoren dar. Die Zeichenk\u00f6pfe bilden visuelle Kr\u00e4henfu\u00dfformen, die die Beschr\u00e4nkungen der Datenvielfalt festlegen:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>||--||<\/code> **Genau eine zu genau einer:** Eine strenge, obligatorische 1:1-Zuordnung.<\/li>\n<li><code>||--o|<\/code> **Genau eine zu null oder einer:** Eine optionale 1:1-Abh\u00e4ngigkeit.<\/li>\n<li><code>||--|{<\/code> **Genau eine zu einer oder mehreren:** Eine obligatorische 1:N-Elternverbindung.<\/li>\n<li><code>||--o{<\/code> **Genau eine zu null, einer oder mehreren:** Eine Standard-Beziehung mit optionaler 1:N-Verbindung.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\n<div class=\"vpascode-header\">\n<span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghZoaXd38agX\/IBcQz0pBqSAnMTm1WAkAMZMNNw==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-header\">\r\n                    <span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span>\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghZoaXd38agX\/IBcQz0pBqSAnsSoztahECQBOYQ4q\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\r\n                    <pre class=\"lang-mermaid\"><code class=\"language-mermaid\" data-language=\"mermaid\" class=\"language-mermaid\">erDiagram\r\n    USERS ||--o{ ORDERS : \"plaziert\" <\/code><\/pre>                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghZoaXd38agX\/IBcQz0pBqSAnsSoztahECQBOYQ4q\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            \n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNpLLXLJTEwvSszl5VIAgtBg16BghZoaXd38agX\/IBcQz0pBqSAnMTm1WAkAMZMNNw==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-631\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903aca991c.png\" width=\"116\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Best Practices f\u00fcr relationale Datenbank-Schemata<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Konsistente Gro\u00df-\/Kleinschreibung bei Tabellennamen beibehalten:<\/strong> Halten Sie Entit\u00e4tsnamen vorhersehbar. Verwenden Sie Gro\u00dfbuchstaben (z.\u202fB. <code>USER_ACCOUNTS<\/code>) oder strikte Kleinbuchstaben in snake_case (z.\u202fB. <code>user_accounts<\/code>) um Ihren echten SQL-Infrastrukturcodes anzupassen.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Daten-Typen immer angeben:<\/strong> Vermeiden Sie das Deklarieren von Rohtextspalten ohne Typen. Geben Sie Definitionen explizit an, wie <code>int<\/code>, <code>varchar<\/code>, oder <code>boolean<\/code> stellt sicher, dass Ihre Architekturdiagramme als genaue technische Referenz dienen.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Halten Sie Beziehungsbezeichnungen als Verben:<\/strong> Beim Verkn\u00fcpfen von Elementen geben Sie eine kurze, kleine aktive Verbenzeichenfolge innerhalb Ihrer Beziehungszuweisung an (z. B. <code>||--o{ : \"enth\u00e4lt\"<\/code>) zur Dokumentation der Gesch\u00e4ftslogik-Zuordnung.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Realit\u00e4tsnahe Mermaid.js ERD-Beispiele<\/h2>\n<h3>Beispiel 1: Kernmodell f\u00fcr E-Commerce-Transaktionen (Schl\u00fcssel &amp; Zuordnungen)<\/h3>\n<p>Dieser funktionale Bauplan modelliert eine zentrale Transaktions-Schleife einer E-Commerce-Datenbank und zeigt, wie Benutzer, Bestellungen und Zahlungsverfolgungssysteme \u00fcber strenge Kr\u00e4henfu\u00df-Beschr\u00e4nkungen miteinander verkn\u00fcpft sind.<\/p>\n<div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\n<div class=\"vpascode-header\">\n<span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkM0KwjAQhO+C7xB69wW8iVURfyptPYelXWuwSSS7RcT67qZU8aeC7inMJJlvB12ooHCg+z3hZ7xN0mg1iRNxaYVmlGGhcrFZPCVip0whUIMqO+oRiE7W5XIPtG\/da7\/XHqI4\/P17I2UVsdXopPemL16OmdJQCrYMpQRtK8MdAmLgij6i03i0TkbjdB6t5XISzv7j8Ht0Ie4xDnfo0GQo2R7QdPwCGE9w\/uB4dlzXg4G9PDoZiuBYQoYUvFXVXKrrr\/T+RYEGnY+h4Aa9SHin\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-header\">\r\n                    <span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span>\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkNsKgkAQhu8D32HxvhfoLtQiOhhq18ugky3tIXZHorJ3T7HoYFBzNfz\/7M43P9pQQGlBeQPWVLBJs3gZJSm7dEJbQhMTBVvPn5IjK3TJUIGQPfUAzh2NLfgO3K5zr96ga+Ik\/P17K+WVI6PQ8sabvHgF5kKBZGQIJAdlKk09AkdAlftYnSXjVToOslm84osonP7H0dzRh7ivsbhFizpHTmaPuueXQHiE0wfHM+O6Hg7N5ZHJiPmOUEry2VtW7VRdf8VvnqA9Y1WSfwNDrngv\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\r\n                    <pre class=\"lang-mermaid\"><code class=\"language-mermaid\" data-language=\"mermaid\" class=\"language-mermaid\">erDiagram\r\n    CUSTOMERS {\r\n        int id PK\r\n        string email\r\n        string password_hash\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    ORDERS {\r\n        int id PK\r\n        int customer_id FK\r\n        decimal total_amount\r\n        string status\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    TRANSACTION_LEDGERS {\r\n        int id PK\r\n        int order_id FK\r\n        string reference_token\r\n        string gateway\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    CUSTOMERS ||--o{ ORDERS : \"stellt\" \r\n    ORDERS ||--|| TRANSACTION_LEDGERS : \"erzeugt\" <\/code><\/pre>                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkNsKgkAQhu8D32HxvhfoLtQiOhhq18ugky3tIXZHorJ3T7HoYFBzNfz\/7M43P9pQQGlBeQPWVLBJs3gZJSm7dEJbQhMTBVvPn5IjK3TJUIGQPfUAzh2NLfgO3K5zr96ga+Ik\/P17K+WVI6PQ8sabvHgF5kKBZGQIJAdlKk09AkdAlftYnSXjVToOslm84osonP7H0dzRh7ivsbhFizpHTmaPuueXQHiE0wfHM+O6Hg7N5ZHJiPmOUEry2VtW7VRdf8VvnqA9Y1WSfwNDrngv\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            \n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkM0KwjAQhO+C7xB69wW8iVURfyptPYelXWuwSSS7RcT67qZU8aeC7inMJJlvB12ooHCg+z3hZ7xN0mg1iRNxaYVmlGGhcrFZPCVip0whUIMqO+oRiE7W5XIPtG\/da7\/XHqI4\/P17I2UVsdXopPemL16OmdJQCrYMpQRtK8MdAmLgij6i03i0TkbjdB6t5XISzv7j8Ht0Ie4xDnfo0GQo2R7QdPwCGE9w\/uB4dlzXg4G9PDoZiuBYQoYUvFXVXKrrr\/T+RYEGnY+h4Aa9SHin\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"qqEcCcA\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-632\" decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" height=\"817\" sizes=\"(max-width: 268px) 100vw, 268px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903b8be451.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903b8be451.png 268w, https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903b8be451-98x300.png 98w\" width=\"268\"\/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Syntax-Aufschl\u00fcsselung:<\/strong> Dieses Schema stellt die Transaktionsgrenzen klar dar. Die Zuordnungsregeln legen fest, dass ein Kunde \u00fcber die Zeit null oder viele Bestellungen aufgeben kann (<code>||--o{<\/code>), w\u00e4hrend eine einzelne Bestellungs-Datei genau eine entsprechende Transaktionsbuch-Eintr\u00e4ge erzeugen muss (<code>||--||<\/code>).<\/p>\n<h3>Beispiel 2: Schema eines Unternehmens-Content-Management-Systems (Many-to-Many-Verkn\u00fcpfung)<\/h3>\n<p>Dieser fortgeschrittene Datenbankbauplan zeigt die Architektur einer Content-Management-Plattform auf. Er erl\u00e4utert, wie komplexe Many-to-Many-Konfigurationen durch Einf\u00fchrung einer expliziten Br\u00fccken-Zuordnungs-Entit\u00e4t gel\u00f6st werden k\u00f6nnen.<\/p>\n<div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\n<div class=\"vpascode-header\">\n<span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkU1uwjAQhfdI3GHEulygO9QGhFBIRNh0ZU0d14wU25E9SCDo3RuTtjQ1FZ2VPT9+\/t4o\/0yoPZrxCLooi2pbwam\/xCDLQDWUq2sqsCergYkblWRDs9fXJKsDw6urj0I6y8pyX3ofj\/rD02ybLYrNMvunpkWTStYqSE8tk7O\/no804lPjReSzslyuF4lU6wKLi94DzFfDmkRW2vnjrTqTUYHRtIAhkLaqFpgAFnmere9a+vMb8xQb97xzXgzpL95KZ0xnq4ge34Cv4HyeTt3pLyceYRIXg2TDJNnI\/dEmgr+R+hoeSH6jd53IjHLX9X0AN3qkJw==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-header\">\r\n                    <span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Mermaid<\/span>\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkUFuwjAQRfdI3GGUdblAd6gNCKGQiLDpynKTkRk1tiN7kEDQ2\/QmvVgd0pampqKzsv94\/Py\/0T2SVE7q8QhCFXm5KeHYb7oiw0A1FMuL5NmRUcDEDUaqb3bqIjLuGZ5tfRCVNYyG+9breNQvHqabdJ6vF+k\/mUbqGFmjrxy1TNb8ur5zIz4ZTyKbFsViNY9QrfUszrw7mC2HvUoyKusO1\/pMGj1L3YL0npTBWsjIYJ5l6epmpD+fMYttyx1vrRND9+dsK6t1iFV0GV8xX8LpNJnY419J3EMSprfvbw0n0Y\/cHH3pwyFP6L7mB9Rv9+FwgBjFIE3yAScLps8=\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\r\n                    <pre class=\"lang-mermaid\"><code class=\"language-mermaid\" data-language=\"mermaid\" class=\"language-mermaid\">erDiagram\r\n    POSTS {\r\n        int id PK\r\n        string title\r\n        string slug\r\n        text body_content\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    CATEGORIES {\r\n        int id PK\r\n        string name\r\n        string description\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    POST_CATEGORY_MAPPINGS {\r\n        int post_id PK, FK\r\n        int category_id PK, FK\r\n        timestamp assigned_at\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    COMMENTS {\r\n        int id PK\r\n        int post_id FK\r\n        string author_name\r\n        text comment_body\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    POSTS ||--o{ POST_CATEGORY_MAPPINGS : \"enth\u00e4lt\"\r\n    CATEGORIES ||--o{ POST_CATEGORY_MAPPINGS : \"kategorisiert\"\r\n    POSTS ||--o{ COMMENTS : \"h\u00e4ngt an\" <\/code><\/pre>                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkUFuwjAQRfdI3GGUdblAd6gNCKGQiLDpynKTkRk1tiN7kEDQ2\/QmvVgd0pampqKzsv94\/Py\/0T2SVE7q8QhCFXm5KeHYb7oiw0A1FMuL5NmRUcDEDUaqb3bqIjLuGZ5tfRCVNYyG+9breNQvHqabdJ6vF+k\/mUbqGFmjrxy1TNb8ur5zIz4ZTyKbFsViNY9QrfUszrw7mC2HvUoyKusO1\/pMGj1L3YL0npTBWsjIYJ5l6epmpD+fMYttyx1vrRND9+dsK6t1iFV0GV8xX8LpNJnY419J3EMSprfvbw0n0Y\/cHH3pwyFP6L7mB9Rv9+FwgBjFIE3yAScLps8=\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Mermaid in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            \n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#mermaid:eNqNkU1uwjAQhfdI3GHEulygO9QGhFBIRNh0ZU0d14wU25E9SCDo3RuTtjQ1FZ2VPT9+\/t4o\/0yoPZrxCLooi2pbwam\/xCDLQDWUq2sqsCergYkblWRDs9fXJKsDw6urj0I6y8pyX3ofj\/rD02ybLYrNMvunpkWTStYqSE8tk7O\/no804lPjReSzslyuF4lU6wKLi94DzFfDmkRW2vnjrTqTUYHRtIAhkLaqFpgAFnmere9a+vMb8xQb97xzXgzpL95KZ0xnq4ge34Cv4HyeTt3pLyceYRIXg2TDJNnI\/dEmgr+R+hoeSH6jd53IjHLX9X0AN3qkJw==\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>Mermaid in VPasCode bearbeiten<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"NkBriQB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-633\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"545\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903d115d5e.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903d115d5e.png 709w, https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1903d115d5e-300x231.png 300w\" width=\"709\"\/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Syntax-Aufschl\u00fcsselung:<\/strong> Um die Many-to-Many-Beziehung zwischen `POSTS` und `CATEGORIES` zu handhaben, f\u00fchrt das Skript eine Schnittstelle-Tabelle (`POST_CATEGORY_MAPPINGS`) ein. Diese Zuordnungsbox verwendet zusammengesetzte Schl\u00fcssel, die gleichzeitig als Prim\u00e4r- und Fremdschl\u00fcssel wirken (<code>PK FK<\/code>), die die \u00e4u\u00dferen Knoten mithilfe der Standard-Many-to-One-Kr\u00e4henfu\u00df-Verbindungen verkn\u00fcpft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Was ist ein Entit\u00e4ts-Beziehungs-Diagramm (ERD)? Ein Entit\u00e4ts-Beziehungs-Diagramm (ERD) ist eine strukturelle Bauplan, die zur Gestaltung, Dokumentation und Analyse relationaler Datenbank-Schemata verwendet wird. Er zeigt die spezifischen Daten-Tabellen (Entit\u00e4ten) innerhalb einer Anwendung, die Spalten (Attribute), die in diesen Tabellen enthalten sind,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2112,"parent":0,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"ld_collection":[14],"class_list":["post-2111","ld_docs","type-ld_docs","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","ld_collection-vpascode-docs"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mermaid ERD Diagram Syntax | VPasCode Text to Diagram Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Draft database schemas effortlessly using Mermaid entity relationship diagrams in VPasCode, your text to diagram tool.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/de\/docs\/vpascode-docs\/mermaid-js-erd-syntax-guide\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" 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