{"id":2103,"date":"2026-05-26T09:02:41","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T09:02:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/ru\/docs\/uncategorized\/graphviz-digraph-syntax-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T09:02:41","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T09:02:41","slug":"graphviz-digraph-syntax-guide","status":"publish","type":"ld_docs","link":"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/ru\/docs\/vpascode-docs\/graphviz-digraph-syntax-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0420\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0443 Digraph Graphviz: \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u044b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 <strong>digraph<\/strong> (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444) \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 <em>\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/em>. \u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430 Kubernetes, \u043f\u0430\u0439\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d CI\/CD \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u043a \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 digraph \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436.<\/p>\n<h2>\u041c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0451\u0431\u0435\u0440<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 digraph \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430: <code>-&gt;<\/code>. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0443. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c. \u0414\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u00bb, \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430<\/h3>\n<p>\u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a <code>dot<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e digraph, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442 <code>rankdir<\/code> \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>rankdir=TB; \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437.<\/code>: \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437.<\/li>\n<li><code>rankdir=LR; \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0432.<\/code>: \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0439\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<li><code>rankdir=BT; \u2014 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0443 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445.<\/code>: \u0421\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0443 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445.<\/li>\n<li><code>rankdir=RL; \u2014 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/code>: \u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0437\u0435\u043b-\u0443\u0437\u0435\u043b, digraphs \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0426\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0451\u0431\u0435\u0440<\/h3>\n<p>\u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 DOT. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0451\u0442\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <code>A -&gt; B -&gt; C -&gt; D<\/code>), \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043e\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0421\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0440\u0451\u0431\u0435\u0440<\/h3>\n<p>\u0412 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u00bb \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0430<code>label<\/code>\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0451\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u00abREST\/JSON\u00bb, \u00abgRPC\u00bb, \u00abTCP\/IP\u00bb) \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\n<div class=\"vpascode-header\">\n<span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Graphviz<\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#graphviz:eNqNkMFKw0AQhu+C7zDsuZIHkAhNDypUCEnBQ\/Ew3Z1mB7ezcXdTDeK7m7SaqiB0jjPz\/R8zhpuArYW6j4l2JbfkWAjeLy9gqCyDqaW9bLnpAib2chwHlGfDIV9W18eGeEOwjhZbyjf+bQYx9Y7y4DsxZGaw9ZIEd5SrO3J7SqxRPQ3sZKvppSNJjA60RRYwpB3+dKqlRwMFOhRNQcHVDah5eQ+3mOgVewVrhxtyg2G1KutD+gH7tTNCD6yDjxT2rAnmJ66pysW5WPEPNt1TDC\/SlqUB5xvWX6F\/1WNuRYYjLFBbOoVWhCZ7DJxIff\/SYLRkRtHHJ3Pnho8=\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>\u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Graphviz \u0432 VPasCode<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"vpascode-viewer-container vpascode-fancy-active\">\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-header\">\r\n                    <span class=\"vpascode-lang-label\">Graphviz<\/span>\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#graphviz:eNqdkc1Kw1AQhfeC7zBkXekDSITqRsFFaLsrLlLvtQ2mSUmiWERorfhHtbgSWnGry9ga+kfbV5h5I+cm1OCiG7MK9853zplzhVXxzHoVCg0\/kDXDqkvbciRcbm4Af9ksYA8XOKcbHOOQ2tTEkG5xTF3AqbrAAUY4wUhdJIxnOqfC8vTD\/HZy4LhCQsmvmnWpl92LDPhBw5a65545QooMnLhO4Jg1qWv70j6XgXVsakfMphHe8YseqcteM3abc5QIcIkLasUH3xxkwLmu+X9GHR5Y4AQ4ZhQP3XHScSKm4QuGzIS8UYu3aCqSHlhwCoyFvGKT2jhShAZbOwx8suQzjiBnHGhQss2ytDlosWgU4pCJ6p+hGHtTmkqffVQ5A3ZrQS6VqOSNvX8o7K5RSMvq805DxWII6nW4lt\/eqLvyW5sv9u7RE91DXgrLT\/3wI244rj+Lr9zWUkHU0VZPKky\/KoWKdPUDDxMo\/g==\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 8px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Graphviz in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                                <div class=\"vpascode-code-wrapper\">\r\n                    <pre class=\"lang-graphviz\"><code class=\"language-graphviz\" data-language=\"graphviz\" class=\"language-graphviz\">digraph SystemPipeline {\r\n    \/\/ \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0430\r\n    rankdir=LR;\r\n    node [shape=box, style=rounded, fontname=\"Helvetica\"];\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438\r\n    \"\u0411\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438\" -&gt; \"\u0428\u043b\u044e\u0437 API\" [label=\"HTTPS\"];\r\n    \"\u0428\u043b\u044e\u0437 API\" -&gt; \"\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 A\" [label=\"gRPC\"];\r\n    \"\u0428\u043b\u044e\u0437 API\" -&gt; \"\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 B\" [label=\"gRPC\"];\r\n    \r\n    \/\/ \u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\r\n    \"\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 A\" -&gt; \"\u041a\u044d\u0448 Redis\" [label=\"\u0427\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\/\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\", style=dashed];\r\n}<\/code><\/pre>                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\r\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#graphviz:eNqdkc1Kw1AQhfeC7zBkXekDSITqRsFFaLsrLlLvtQ2mSUmiWERorfhHtbgSWnGry9ga+kfbV5h5I+cm1OCiG7MK9853zplzhVXxzHoVCg0\/kDXDqkvbciRcbm4Af9ksYA8XOKcbHOOQ2tTEkG5xTF3AqbrAAUY4wUhdJIxnOqfC8vTD\/HZy4LhCQsmvmnWpl92LDPhBw5a65545QooMnLhO4Jg1qWv70j6XgXVsakfMphHe8YseqcteM3abc5QIcIkLasUH3xxkwLmu+X9GHR5Y4AQ4ZhQP3XHScSKm4QuGzIS8UYu3aCqSHlhwCoyFvGKT2jhShAZbOwx8suQzjiBnHGhQss2ytDlosWgU4pCJ6p+hGHtTmkqffVQ5A3ZrQS6VqOSNvX8o7K5RSMvq805DxWII6nW4lt\/eqLvyW5sv9u7RE91DXgrLT\/3wI244rj+Lr9zWUkHU0VZPKky\/KoWKdPUDDxMo\/g==\" \r\n                       target=\"_blank\" \r\n                       rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" \r\n                       class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\">\r\n                        <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\r\n                        <span>Edit Graphviz in VPasCode<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            \n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"vpascode-actions\">\n<a class=\"vpascode-fancy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/editor\/#graphviz:eNqNkMFKw0AQhu+C7zDsuZIHkAhNDypUCEnBQ\/Ew3Z1mB7ezcXdTDeK7m7SaqiB0jjPz\/R8zhpuArYW6j4l2JbfkWAjeLy9gqCyDqaW9bLnpAib2chwHlGfDIV9W18eGeEOwjhZbyjf+bQYx9Y7y4DsxZGaw9ZIEd5SrO3J7SqxRPQ3sZKvppSNJjA60RRYwpB3+dKqlRwMFOhRNQcHVDah5eQ+3mOgVewVrhxtyg2G1KutD+gH7tTNCD6yDjxT2rAnmJ66pysW5WPEPNt1TDC\/SlqUB5xvWX6F\/1WNuRYYjLFBbOoVWhCZ7DJxIff\/SYLRkRtHHJ3Pnho8=\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n<svg fill=\"none\" height=\"14\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" style=\"margin-right: 6px;\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"14\"><path d=\"M11 4H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-7\"><\/path><path d=\"M18.5 2.5a2.121 2.121 0 0 1 3 3L12 15l-4 1 1-4 9.5-9.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n<span>\u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Graphviz \u0432 VPasCode<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"FIgpRLc\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" alt=\"\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-654\" decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" height=\"122\" sizes=\"(max-width: 951px) 100vw, 951px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1905197c994.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1905197c994.png 951w, https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1905197c994-300x38.png 300w, https:\/\/www.vpascode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img_6a1905197c994-768x99.png 768w\" width=\"951\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0422\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0435 digraph \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442<code>weight<\/code>\u041f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e Graphviz \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u0451\u0431\u0435\u0440. \u0423\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<code>weight<\/code>\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <code>[weight=10]<\/code>), \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u00bb \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0443\u0437\u043b\u044b \u0441\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438:<\/strong>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u043e, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0443 \u00ab\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a\u00bb, \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e<code>color=red<\/code> \u0438 <code>style=dashed<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0451\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <code>A:e -&gt; B:w<\/code> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430 A \u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430 B). \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0445\u0430\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0451\u0431\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0445.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0421\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c:<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b, \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u044b (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u00abREST\u00bb, \u00abSQL\u00bb). \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441-\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0443 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u042d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438 digraph-\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 digraph (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444) \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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